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North and South
Stories and Genealogy of Theodore Charles Anderson and Sara Carlene Shuttleworth
Hail to the Chief
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Standard of the President of the United States
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Sara is related to 4 US Presidents, all but one descendants of the Fullers of the Mayflower Pilgrims.
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Millard Fillmore
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Millard Fillmore
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Sara’s first presidential ancestor is Millard Fillmore, the 13th President of the United States (1850-1853) and the second vice president to finish the term of a deceased president. Millard Fillmore was never elected to the Presidency in his own right (Sara is his 1st cousin, 5 times removed). She is related to him through his uncle Calvin Fillmore.
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Millard Fillmore succeeded Zachary Taylor when he died in office at a critical moment in United States history. The Mexican War (1846 - 1848) had renewed the conflict between the Northern and Southern States over slavery, since it added many new territories in the South West to the United States, including:
 Texas,
California,
Nevada,
Utah,
Colorado,
Arizona,
New Mexico, and
Wyoming.
The debate over whether these territories should be admitted as free or slave states precipitated a crisis that threatened civil war.
Much to the relief of Northern and Southern politicians, Fillmore pursued a moderate and conciliatory policy. He signed into law the Compromise of 1850, which admitted some of the territories as a free states and allowed slave owners to settle in the others. This compromise did not solve the basic problem of slavery but it did preserve the peace for nearly 11 more years. During that time, the North gained the industrial power that enabled it to defeat the South when civil war eventually did come.
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Ulysses S. Grant
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Ulysses S. Grant
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Hyrim Ulysses Simpson Grant (1822 – 1885) was the 18th President of the United States. He served 2 terms from 1869 to 1877. Sara is related to him through the daughter of the Reverend John Lathrop (1585 – 1653), Jane Lathrop who married Samuel Fuller, Jr. of the Mayflower (Sara is Grant's 6th cousin, 5 times removed).
Born in 1822, Grant was the son of an Ohio tanner. He went to West Point rather against his will and graduated in the middle of his class. In the Mexican War he fought under Gen. Zachary Taylor who went on to become President himself.
At the outbreak of the Civil War, Grant was working in his father's leather store in Galena, Illinois. In 1861, he was appointed by the Governor to command an unruly bunch of volunteers, the 21st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment. Grant whipped it into shape and by September 1861 he had risen to the rank of Brigadier General.
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In 1863, he fought to win control of the Mississippi Valley. In February he took Fort Henry and attacked Fort Donelson. When the Confederate commander asked for terms, Grant replied, "No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted." The Confederates surrendered, and President Lincoln promoted Grant to Major General.
At Shiloh in April of that year, Grant fought one of the bloodiest battles in the West and came out less well. President Lincoln fended off demands for his removal by saying, "I can't spare this man--he fights."
For his next major objective, Grant maneuvered and fought skillfully to win Vicksburg, the key city on the Mississippi, and thus cut the Confederacy in two. Then he broke the Confederate hold on Chattanooga.
Lincoln appointed him General-in-Chief in March 1864. Grant directed Sherman to drive through the South while he, with the Army of the Potomac, pinned down General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia.
Finally, on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House, Lee surrendered. Grant wrote out magnanimous terms of surrender that would prevent treason trials.
After the War, Grant went beck home to Galena, IL where he was greeted by 20,000 cheering citizens and a towering sign arching over Main Stree, emblazoned with the message, "Hail to the Chief Who in Triumph Advances".
A few years later, Galena served as his 1868 Republican presential campaign base. He set up headquarters there in the DeSoto House Hotel on Main Street.
He awaited the election results at the Galena home of his long time friend Elihu Benjamin Washburn (Sara's 7th cousin, 3 times removed) (visit Roger de Washbourne). Election night was chilly and wet. The men sat by a fire in the library smoking cigars as early returns were reported by Western Union. (Grant had picked up the habit of smoking cigars, sometimes as many as 20 a day, during the Civil War. Some say it was to overcome the smell of the dead on the battlefields.
Shortly before 1 AM word arrived that Grant had won by a hair, defeating the Democrate Horatio Seymour by only 306,000 votes.
Grant and Washburn celebrated with several aids, smoking many more cigars and comsuming lots of Whisky. The group, reported the Galena Evening Gazette, was "merry as a marriage bell".
As President, Grant presided over the Government much as he had run the Army. Indeed, he brought part of his Army staff with him to the White House.
Although a man of scrupulous honesty, Grant as President accepted handsome presents from admirers. Worse, he allowed himself to be seen with two speculators, Jay Gould and James Fisk. When Grant realized their scheme to corner the market in gold, he authorized the Secretary of the Treasury to sell enough gold to wreck their plans, but the speculation had already wrought havoc with business.
During his campaign for re-election in 1872, Liberal Republican reformers attacked Grant. He called them "narrow-headed men," their eyes so close together that "they can look out of the same gimlet hole without winking." The General's friends in the Republican Party came to be known proudly as "the Old Guard."
Grant allowed Radical Reconstruction to run its course in the South, bolstering it at times with military force.
After retiring from the Presidency, Grant became a partner in a financial firm, which went bankrupt. About that time he learned that he had cancer of the throat. He started writing his recollections to pay off his debts and provide for his family, racing against death to produce a memoir that ultimately earned nearly $450,000. Soon after completing the last page in 1885, he died.
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George Herbert Walker Bush
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George Herbert Walker Bush
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George Herbert Walker Bush (1924 –) was the 41st President of the United States. He served from 1989 to 1993. Sara is related to him through
John Washbourne (1566 – 1624). His sons John1 and William1
Washburn came over in the early 1600's (Sara is his 10th cousin.
George Bush brought to the White House a dedication to traditional American values and a determination to direct them toward making the United States "a kinder and gentler nation." In his Inaugural Address he pledged in "a moment rich with promise" to use American strength as "a force for good."
Coming from a family with a tradition of public service, George Herbert Walker Bush felt the responsibility to make his contribution both in time of war and in peace. Born in Milton, Massachusetts, on June 12, 1924, he became a student leader at Phillips Academy in Andover. On his 18th birthday he enlisted in the armed forces. The youngest pilot in the Navy when he received his wings, he flew 58 combat missions during World War II. On one mission over the Pacific as a torpedo bomber pilot he was shot down by Japanese antiaircraft fire and was rescued from the water by a U. S. submarine. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for bravery in action.
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Bush next turned his energies toward completing his education and raising a family. In January 1945 he married Barbara Pierce. They had six children: George Walker, Robin (who died as a child), John (known as Jeb), Neil, Marvin, and Dorothy.
At Yale University he excelled both in sports and in his studies; he was captain of the baseball team and a member of Phi Beta Kappa. After graduation Bush embarked on a career in the oil industry of West Texas.
Like his father, Prescott Bush, who was elected a Senator from Connecticut in 1952, George, became interested in public service and politics. He served two terms as a Representative to Congress from Texas. Twice he ran unsuccessfully for the Senate. Then he was appointed to a series of high-level positions: Ambassador to the United Nations, Chairman of the Republican National Committee, Chief of the U. S. Liaison Office in the People's Republic of China, and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
In 1980 Bush campaigned for the Republican nomination for President. He lost, but was chosen as a running mate by Ronald Reagan. As Vice President, Bush had responsibility in several domestic areas, including Federal deregulation and anti-drug programs, and visited scores of foreign countries. In 1988 Bush won the Republican nomination for President and, with Senator Dan Quayle of Indiana as his running mate, he defeated Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis in the general election.
Bush faced a dramatically changing world, as the Cold War ended after 40 bitter years, the Communist empire broke up, and the Berlin Wall fell. The Soviet Union ceased to exist; and reformist President Mikhail Gorbachev, whom Bush had supported, resigned. While Bush hailed the march of democracy, he insisted on restraint in U. S. policy toward the group of new nations.
In other areas of foreign policy, President Bush sent American troops into Panama to overthrow the corrupt regime of General Manuel Noriega, who was threatening the security of the canal and the Americans living there. Noriega was brought to the United States for trial as a drug trafficker.
Bush's greatest test came when Iraqi President Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait, and then threatened to move into Saudi Arabia. Vowing to free Kuwait, Bush rallied the United Nations, the U. S. people, and Congress and sent 425,000 American troops. They were joined by 118,000 troops from allied nations. After weeks of air and missile bombardment, the 100-hour land battle dubbed Desert Storm routed Iraq's million-man army.
Despite unprecedented popularity from this military and diplomatic triumph, Bush was unable to withstand discontent at home from a faltering economy, rising violence in inner cities, and continued high deficit spending. In 1992 he lost his bid for reelection to Democrat William Clinton.
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George Walker Bush
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George Walker Bush
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George Walker Bush (1946 –) is the 43rd President of the United States. He was inaugurated on January 20, 2001. He was re-elected in 2004 and is currently serving his second term. As with his father George Herbert Walker Bush, Sara is related to him through John Washbourne (1566 – 1624) (Sara is
his 10th cousin, once removed.
He formerly served as the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000.
A Republican, he belongs to one of the most politically influential American families, being the son of former President George H. W. Bush and elder brother of Jeb Bush, the present Governor of Florida.
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Bush was an entrepreneur in the oil industry in Texas and an unsuccessful candidate for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1978. After working on his father's presidential campaign, he purchased a share of the Texas Rangers baseball team, and in 1994 he was elected Governor of Texas. As governor, Bush worked on education reform, school finance and tort reform and sponsored the largest tax cut program in Texas history. He was re-elected as governor of Texas in 1998.
Bush won the 2000 presidential election as the Republican candidate in a close and controversial contest, despite losing the popular vote. As President, Bush pushed through a $1.3 trillion tax cut program and the No Child Left Behind Act, and has made efforts to privatize Medicare and Social Security. Bush has also pushed for socially conservative efforts such as the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act, faith-based welfare initiatives, the Palm Sunday Compromise and the proposed Federal Marriage Amendment, which aims to federally restrict marriage rights to marriages between a man and a woman, and thus prevent recognition of same-sex marriage in the United States.
Following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, Bush (re)declared a global War on Terrorism and ordered the invasion of Afghanistan to overthrow the Taliban and expel Al-Qaeda. His response to 9/11 led to an immediate surge in his popularity. Following a failed attempt at convincing Saddam Hussein diplomatically to yield to further weapons inspections, Bush ordered an invasion of Iraq, although the inspections that were in progress at the time had not yet concluded and the specifically designated Weapons of Mass Destruction that the Coalition of the Willing invaded to capture have never been found. Following the overthrow of Hussein's regime, Bush committed the U.S. to establishing democracy in the Middle East, and specifically in both Afghanistan and Iraq in the short term. A self-described "war President", Bush won re-election in 2004 after an intense and heated election campaign, becoming the first candidate to win a majority vote in 16 years, as well as the largest tally of votes for any presidential candidate.
Since being re-elected in 2004, Bush has received increasingly heated criticisms, even from former allies, for his management of Iraq and the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse, as well as domestic issues such as stem cell research, Hurricane Katrina, NSA warrant less surveillance controversy, record budget deficits, the nomination of Harriet Miers, and a number of scandals, such as the Jack Abramoff corruption scandal and the Plame CIA leak controversy, which have caused his popularity to decline substantially.
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Tune "Hail to the Chief"
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The introductory tune used on this page is "Hail to the Chief", as played by the U.S. Marine Corps band.
"Hail to the Chief" is the official anthem of the President of the United States. The song accompanies the President at almost every public appearance. The U.S. Department of Defense made "Hail to the Chief" the official music to announce the President of the United States in 1954. The song is preceded by four ruffles and flourishes when played for the President.
Historians think that it originally was taken from a traditional rowing song of the loch areas of the Scottish Highlands, its London author is not known to have ventured north of the Trent River. Verses from Sir Walter Scott's The Lady of the Lake, including "Hail to the Chief who in triumph advances!" were set to music about 1810 by the songwriter James Sanderson (1769-1841), a self-taught English violinist and the conductor of the Surrey Theatre, London, who wrote many songs for local theatrical productions during the 1790s and the early years of the nineteenth century:
Lyrics:
"Soldier, rest! thy warfare o'er,
Sleep the sleep that knows not breaking,
Dream of battled fields no more,
Days of danger, nights of waking."
Scott's romance was quickly made into unauthorized romantic melodramas. In November 1810, Scott wrote to a friend that "The Lady of the Lake" was being made into a play by Martin and Reynolds in London and by a Mr. Siddons in Edinburgh. About the same time Scott received a letter from a friend and army officer who ended his note with a copy of the music of the Boat Song, "Hail to the Chief."
A version of Lady of the Lake debuted in New York May 8, 1812, and "Hail to the Chief" was published in Philadelphia about the same time, as 'March and Chorus in the Dramatic Romance of the Lady of the Lake'. Many parodies appeared, a sure sign of universal popularity.
On July 4, 1828, the Marine Band performed the song at a ceremony for the formal opening of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, which was attended by President John Quincy Adams. The song was first played to announce the arrival of the president at James K. Polk's inauguration on March 4, 1845. It was Julia Tyler, wife of Polk's predecessor, John Tyler, who suggested that the song be played whenever a president made an appearance.
Click here to play a version of "Hail to the Chief" as rendered by the U.S. Air Force Concert Band.
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This page and all genealogical data contained on it are Copyrighted © 2007/2008
by Theodore C. Anderson
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